Khajuraho, part 2

I wish I could share these photographs with you in a very large size. It’s impractical in a blog format–some folks have different bandwidths–but contact me if you’re interested.

Here are some details from another temple.

sm DSC00682 sm DSC00690cr sm DSC00694

I love how the central figures in these compositions are flanked on either side by sinuous women displaying their curves.

sm DSC00695 sm DSC00696cr sm DSC00702 sm DSC00708

Below you can see the texture of the wall as a whole, and then a closer look at the detail.

sm DSC00711 sm DSC00713

Finally, a god and goddess… I think these may be Shiva and Parvathi.

sm DSC00716 sm DSC00717

More great Khajuraho images are still on the way!

Khajuraho, part 1

The temples of Khajuraho were built during the Chandella dynasty, which lasted from about 950 until about 1050 A.D. That is, this stunning group of monuments, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is about a thousand years old. There are some twenty main structures and more smaller ones.

med DSC00735

For what might be the first time since I started writing this blog, I am at a loss to know how to present this material. I am at a loss even to tell you whether what we saw the day we were in Khajuraho was architecture…or sculpture…or poetry.

med DSC00736

The beauty of these temples works at every level of detail. To show you what I mean, I am going to zoom in on a couple of the rounded cylindrical forms that make up the walls of this temple. Look for a woman bent backwards to examine the sole of her foot. In the first picture, she is on the right-hand column in the middle row of figures.

med DSC00741 med DSC00745cr1 med DSC00748 med DSC00748cr

Now look at the figures all around her. They are all exquisitely detailed, all different, all perfect. Now imagine this kind of sculpture covering the entire building–covering twenty entire buildings. The place is simply, literally breathtaking.

Here I need to insert a word about the subject matter of the sculptures. There are gods. There are animals. There are mythical creatures. But most of all there are people. The people are engaged in what UNESCO is pleased to call “all aspects of life.” Which, that is to say, includes rather explicit portrayals of sex in permutations that might occasionally surprise even an adult. However, the sculptures are not about sex. They are (according to UNESCO) about the Tantric doctrine in which the mating of the male principle (form and potential) and female principle (energy) creates the entire world. I have, after some thought, not included explicit subject matter in this blog. The statues are, every one of them, gorgeous. I want all readers to feel comfortable about looking at what I post here.

Ready? Let’s get started with one of the earlier temples…

sm DSC00649

What I love about this picture is the procession of people, some on horseback, that marches along the bottom. But the whole building is full of interesting details.

sm DSC00650 sm DSC00653 sm DSC00654 sm DSC00675

The last statue is inside the temple. Isn’t she lovely? And after a thousand years you can still count each individual bead in her necklace.

 

Varanasi – river, early morning

This series of posts about Varanasi has been long–but the city is unique, and no series of posts however long can fully do justice to the immensity of it. And so the time comes to conclude and move on. And what better way to do this than to post a series of pictures that to my mind show the beauty of the city bathed in splendid early morning light and dancing with the river!

sm DSC00894 sm DSC00899 sm DSC00906 sm DSC00898 sm DSC00918 sm DSC00918a IMG_3947cr sm DSC00918c IMG_3952 sm DSC00934 sm DSC00931

Happy memories!

sm IMG_3935

 

Varanasi – the Nepali temple

I can’t believe it’s been a month since I’ve posted anything here. Time flies! Time to get busy!

The Nepali temple in Varanasi could be the single most unique spot in a city that is arguably composed entirely of unique spots. But–Nepal? Really?

Yes!

sm DSC00949 sm DSC01032

There is evidence to suggest that the property was actually transferred by the ruler of Varanashi–then called Kashi–to the Nepalese king back in 1843. And the temple itself is a replica of the famous Pashupatinath Temple in Kathmandu.

Look at the workmanship in the wood carving!

sm DSC01022 sm DSC01022a DSC01026 sm DSC01023cr sm DSC01024

Many of the other details are also quite charming.

sm DSC01023b IMG_3976 sm DSC01025 sm DSC01030e IMG_3984

And from the temple’s platform, we had a unique perspective of the city’s quotidian life: visitors walking along the ghats; a tired pilgrim stopping for a rest; an Indian tour group, perhaps a family.

sm DSC01030a IMG_3980 sm DSC01030 sm DSC01030c IMG_3982

 

Varanasi – doorways and decorations

Decorations is probably not the right word. All the small and large, bright and cheerful, old and new decorative items placed near doorways in Varanasi are, I believe, religious in nature. It’s not like having pink flamingos in the yard. It’s more like having a statue of the virgin Mary in the yard.

But still, that said, these are wonderful to behold, even for a non-Indian non-Hindu like me who doesn’t know a tenth of the symbolism.

sm DSC01013

Take this one, for example. Probably the Hindi script explains it. Probably any person on the street could have explained it. I don’t know what it is–but I love the colors and the composition.

The next one I do understand a bit of.

sm DSC01016 sm DSC01018

That is, I’m not sure about the statue at the top, though he’s almost certainly a god. Likewise the person at the bottom left. The blue person at the bottom right, though, is, I believe, Krishna playing his flute. So since Krishna is an incarnation of Vishnu, perhaps this is a shrine to Vishnu.

Here’s an elaborate one. (I’m not going to guess.)

sm DSC01019

I believe the next two are representations of the monkey king Hanuman. The second one surely is (can you see the monkey-like features of the nose and jaw?); and they are both in similar poses, carrying two little people on their shoulders.

sm DSC01051 sm DSC01055

Here’s a more elaborate rendition of Hanuman. Hanuman is believed to be an incarnation of the god Shiva, founder of the city of Varanasi. Hanuman symbolizes strength and perseverance in the face of obstacles.

sm DSC01070

This next one is sweet–a representation of Ganesha, the elephant-headed god of good luck and good beginnings, the remover of obstacles. He appears at the entryway to many of the houses. He is popular everywhere, but particularly in Varanasi because he is the son of Shiva, founder of the city.

sm DSC01065

Here’s a bell, a simple enough object yet beautifully integrated into the fabric of the street. And it too has a scene in bas relief below it.

sm DSC01041

The next doorway is, I believe, the entrance to a local temple.

sm DSC01067

Finally, we come to the winged lions. I don’t know what to make of them. Two of these flank either side of an elaborately decorated doorway. They are not a common symbol in Hinduism but neither are they unheard-of. Why here? And is the building they guard a temple? To whom? People’s comings and goings give no clue.

sm DSC01083 sm DSC01084

sm DSC01082

 

 

Varanasi – pedestrian streets

The oldest part of Varanasi is a maze of pedestrian streets. Now, Varanasi has been continuously inhabited since about 1200 BC, but you will be happy to know that the old part of the city is not that old, mostly dating from the eighteenth century. Still, the streets are quite narrow. And traffic here–pedestrian and especially motorbike–can be quite as intense and daunting as vehicular traffic in other parts of India, and just as loud. And just as scary. A person could get killed here–but this is Varanasi. At least you’d go directly to Paradise. And too, this is India. It all works out without actual injury.

All photographs in this blog post were taken when I felt safe enough to do so. Which is to say, when there was very little traffic, none of it with wheels.

Here are two young men with a vehicular assault weapon.

sm21 DSC01012b IMG_3971

And here are a sampling of the kind of narrow streets they might be using it on. Note that these are NOT one-way streets.

sm01 DSC01010a IMG_3968 sm07 DSC01079 sm04 DSC01010b IMG_3969

I particularly like this last one, which appears to suggest that the street would like to get even narrower, had someone not shored up the buildings on either side.

On this street near the crematorium, wood is piled to the height of a building.

sm41 DSC01033 sm44 DSC01034 sm47 DSC01035

Next, we look at some typical shopping streets. As you can see, motorbikes are everywhere. One nice feature is the benches and seats along the street–suggesting that an exhausted and harried pedestrian might refresh himself by sitting down. And perhaps the tea-wallah will be along in a few minutes with a refreshing drink.

sm68 DSC01091 sm66 DSC01086 sm64 DSC01079b IMG_3999 sm61 DSC01077 sm60 DSC01073 sm62 DSC01079a IMG_3997 sm58 DSC01072a IMG_3995

 

Shops in Varanasi

It’s hard to know how to unravel the complex city of Varanasi. There is so much energy here. But here’s what I’m going to try: Having discussed a single merchant–the seller of silk shawls–I’ll move to shops, and from there to streets, doorways and decorations, then the Nepali temple, buildings, and finally larger land views. Somewhere in there, if I don’t start getting too anxious to move on, there’s a nice little digression on animals.

So then, picture yourself on a narrow street. Two of you can walk side by side, but only if you’re pretty friendly. It is a pedestrian street, which is generally a nice feature, but in Varanasi, pedestrian also includes bicycles, motor bikes, and motor cycles, whose drivers are not going to let a mere few hundred walkers get in their way. There are also carts and occasionally animals. And so there is a chaos of sound, mostly horns blaring Watch out!, but also conversations, bells, and other unidentifiable noises. People too are pushing to get by. Or stopping so that you have to push to get by. It is intense. Your heart is pumping adrenalin; you don’t want to lose your group. Or–never mind the group–you are in constant fear of getting run over.

And here, on every side, are the most interesting tiny shops. What are these people doing? What are they selling? Often you can’t figure it out in just the second and a half you have before you will be surrounded by swarms of strangers and lost forever.

I hope these men are not preparing food, but I wouldn't bet on it.

I hope these men are not preparing food, but I wouldn’t bet on it.

Okay, this is definitely food.

Okay, this is definitely food.

And so is this.

And so is this.

Here's a bakery.

Here’s a bakery.

I'm pretty sure this is food--the man on the right is selling some kind of leaves wrapped around some kind of filling. I think.

I’m pretty sure this is food–the man on the right is selling some kind of leaves wrapped around some kind of filling. I think.

More food!

More food!

Here's the tea-wallah operating from a conveniently vacant doorstep.

Here’s the tea-wallah operating from a conveniently vacant doorstep.

I would have liked to stop and watch this metal-worker if I could have.

I would have liked to stop and watch this metal-worker if I could have.

Metal products

Metal products.

Near to my heart--a bookstore!

Near to my heart–a bookstore!

Barber shop and possibly also the local word-of-mouth news center.

Barber shop and possibly also the local word-of-mouth news center.

Only in India! A storefront shop full of wedding parapharnalia. (Stacks of turbans in the foreground)

Only in India! A storefront shop full of wedding parapharnalia. (Stacks of turbans in the foreground)

Not a motorcycle shop, but only a place where people have temporarily stored their deadly weapons.

Not a motorcycle shop, but only a place where people have temporarily stored their deadly weapons.

Varanasi – the silk merchant

I have a penchant for falling under the influence of skillfully persuasive merchants of beautiful products. You may remember the rug merchant in Fes, from whom I bought a rug even though I had no place to put it (It now handsomely adorns the bed in the guest bedroom).

In Varanasi, it was the silk merchant. Dan and I were on a tour of the streets of old Varanasi with another couple, John and Marie from London. Toward the end of the tour, our guide took us to the rooftop of a five-story home in the old quarter.

Peeks of the home life as we climbed the stairs were more interesting than the views from the rooftop. In fact, the rooftop view was possibly the least interesting part of the tour.

smDSC01095 smDSC01097

I think it was about here that Dan suspected some kind of sales pitch would soon be coming. 

And he was right.

At the bottom of the stairs, we were met by an Indian gentleman of perhaps about our own age. Our guide introduced him as Arun Himatsingka, the owner of the house. He invited us to have tea with him in a room on the ground floor that was comfortably covered with something soft like a mattress and covered with clean white fabric.

It was about here that I too realized some kind of sales pitch would soon be coming.

But the room looked inviting–like some of the tea houses we had passed on the street–and we did want the opportunity to chat with someone, the homeowner, who lived here in Varanasi. So after a quick nonverbal check among the four of us, we accepted his offer, took off our shoes, and went in.

Mr. Himatsingka had an interesting story. His house was very old (did he say three hundred years?). It had been in his family for five or six generations, but when his father died, it was inherited by Mr. Himatsingka and his brother. The house was divided into two, and the brother sold his half. Members of Mr. Himatsingka’s extended family still lived in in various apartments in this half of the house.

Mr. Himatsingka works in the wholesale silk trade, a business founded by his great-grandfather. He sells to fashion houses, designers, and department stores overseas (mostly in Europe), who appreciate the high quality of his fabric and make it into high-end gowns and sell his shawls. He oversees the production of silk materials in villages some sixty kilometers (forty miles) from Varanasi. The production, he told us, has to be done in these remote villages because the skilled and patient labor needed to do his hand-weaving was too expensive in Varanasi itself–if indeed it could be found at all. And, sadly, it was also vanishing in the villages.

As the children of his weavers become more educated than their parents, they no longer want to be weavers. Their ambitions run to the kind of work, such as computer programming, that can be found only in the cities. And so he finds himself in a business where demand is high and growing, but it is becoming vanishingly difficult to produce the supply.

And his own children, like those of the weavers, are not interested in running this local business. They want to work for multinational corporations. They will move away. “After me,” he says, “this business is no more.”

The moment is at hand.

“Would you like to see some of my shawls?”

Marie and I, as it turns out, would. Of course. We exchange looks with our husbands, who have expressions resembling the long-suffering martyrs in Baroque paintings. And with the patience of those saints, they allow us to proceed.

First, Mr. Himatsingka demonstrates that his wares are real silk by setting fire to the end of a fringe, which burns to ash and can be lightly rubbed away. This was as compared to a product you might find in the streets of Varanasi, which when burned, he shows us, melts into a black sticky globule.

What follows next is a riot of glorious color as shawl after lovely shawl is unfolding from boxes and thrown gaily like a celebration into Marie’s and my laps. We are shown first, his lowest quality shawls, which are utterly gorgeous. From there, we move to three levels of higher quality, each with a higher thread count and a more detailed, more tightly woven pattern. Each takes longer to produce and (of course) carries a higher price tag.

smIMG_4002

Oh yes, make no mistake. We want them all.

But a bitter decision time is now at hand, and the pile of glory on our laps dwindles into much smaller piles of maybe. A folding-wallah appears in the room to put away the rejects as Mr. Himatsingka encourages us to “buy both.”

smIMG_4004cr

Interestingly, there is no conflict between Marie and me for any particular shawls. They are all beautiful, and there are far too many of them. Our struggle is the age-old conflict desire and reason, between beauty and a place to put it. Between how much we want these new shawls and how many shawls are already hanging unused in our closets.

In the end, I have five shawls, and I have promised to give three of them as gifts, and to also give away five shawls that I currently own that I never wear. Not a bad deal.

Meanwhile, it has grown dark outside. Exhausted, we skip the Golden Temple part of the tour and head back to our hotels for a beer to celebrate surviving the silk-shawl temptations with only small financial damage.

Varanasi – Fire and ashes

Downstream from our hotel (the friendly and convenient Hotel Alka) the scene from the Ganges turns darker and more surreal. The buildings seem less colorful, grimmer. Smoke rises from fires in the distance.

sm DSC00950a IMG_3965 sm DSC00953

Yes, those are fires where bodies have been burned. Yes, those are piles and piles of logs for more fires later. (There is also a crematorium, and I believe the story is that most of the bodies are cremated there, but no one is denied a cremation in Vanarasi–so the poor are cremated on these ghats.

sm DSC00954a IMG_3967 sm DSC00966 sm DSC00955

There is also, a bit farther downstream, a Piranesian ruin of a stupa that has become…just an accepted part of this bizarre landscape.

sm DSC00962

Bodies are brought to Varanasi from many places in India. They are first bathed in the Ganges River and then taken to be cremated.

sm DSC00966a DSC00974 sm DSC00966b DSC00975

No one cries at a funeral in Varanasi, we were told. In Varanasi, there is no sorrow, only joy. Later, when the mourners go home again, they will cry.

We headed back upriver to the hotel, where scenes that seemed bright and festive on the way down now seem somehow like part of an entirely other world.

sm DSC00971

At the hotel, the manager told us that people who are fortunate enough to die in Varanasi–not necessarily those who came here to die but even those who just accidentally happen to die while they were here–go directly to paradise and do not have to be reborn again. This is an occasion of great joy. There is no sadness in Varanasi, only happiness and good fortune.

 

 

 

Varanasi – Riverside activities

First of all, let me say that I believe the Ganges River is polluted. Not only have I read a most informative article on the subject in Smithsonian magazine, but also I have pictures. 

Ganges River edge in Varanasi

The stone configuration is a kind of washboard for those who wish to wash their clothing in the Ganges River. The other stuff is…er, other stuff.

I mention this because one very popular activity on the ghats (steps) of the Ganges is bathing. In the river.

sm DSC00988 sm DSC01001 sm DSC00857 sm DSC00869 sm DSC00883

And not just bathing. I saw people pouring the water over their heads. I saw people drinking from it. Dan saw a man brushing his teeth in the Ganges.

Nearby, a man worships in a temple to Ganga, the Ganges, the divine river. Westerners practice yoga on its banks.

sm DSC00982 sm IMG_3941

It isn’t just the pollution. Dead bodies are washed in the Ganges. People are cremated nearby and their ashes…are taken home again? Mostly? But more about this in the next post.

Maybe this is just my Western squeamishness, but as beautiful a river as the Ganges is, I would not bathe in it.